Hyperkalemia, defined as serum potassium >5.0mmol/L, is a potentially lethal condition as it hinders muscle function and myocardial excitability, which may contribute to arrhythmias and sudden cardiac deaths. Epidemiological data suggests the global prevalence of hyperkalemia is around 6.3%, but the

Dapagliflozin, a SGLT2i, has been shown to induce renal, CV and survival benefits in patients with CKD, regardless of the presence of T2DM in the DAPA-CKD trial. Separate mediation analyses performed using clinical data from patients with T2DM revealed that the renal benefits of SGLT2is can be attributed to several key mediators such as hemoglobin, UACR, and serum urate. Nonetheless, whether these mediators are involved in facilitating the observed kidney-protective benefits of dapagliflozin in patients with CKD with or without T2DM remained unclear.

Anxiety and depression are prevalent comorbidities among cancer patients, affecting an overall 33% of patients.1 About 70% of cancer patients have experienced various emotional symptoms such as fear of cancer reoccurrence, further intensifying their psychological and financial burden.1 During the AS

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) display a strong association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) as compared with the general population.^1-3 To date, there are no ASCVD risk prediction models to identify optimal treatments and prevention therapies for this high-risk population of CKD.¹ A recent study published by Bundy and colleagues in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, developed and validated 10-year ASCVD risk prediction models among CKD patients, which included novel kidney and cardiac biomarkers to improve the prediction performance and clinical outcomes.¹

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) display a strong association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) as compared with the general population.^1-3 To date, there are no ASCVD risk prediction models to identify optimal treatments and prevention therapies for this high-risk population of CKD.¹ A recent study published by Bundy and colleagues in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, developed and validated 10-year ASCVD risk prediction models among CKD patients, which included novel kidney and cardiac biomarkers to improve the prediction performance and clinical outcomes.¹

A recent randomized, phase 2 study by Gane, E.J. and colleagues presented at the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD): The Liver Meeting 2021 demonstrated the high long-term efficacy and safety of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) antiviral prophylaxis in post-orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.¹ The renal- and bone-protecting effects on patients with TAF were shown to be more profound than those with TDF.¹

Heart failure (HF) is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and is strongly associated with mortality in these patients.1 HF in ESKD is defined based on patient-reported dyspnea assessed both pre- and post-ultrafiltration, in conjunction w

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways that affects approximately 300 million people globally with about 5-10% of asthmatics being severe asthma.¹ Severe asthma typically requires treatment with high-dose inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) plus a second controller and/or systemic corticos