The incidence of stroke has been increasing throughout the years, and this rising trend is set to persist through 2050.¹ As such, more patients are becoming survivors of stroke, along with an increase in the incidence of long-term complications.¹ In fact, while up to 85% of strokes are ischemic stro

Ticagrelor continues to be one of the often-used antiplatelet drugs in the management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), however only 10% of the ACS patients treated with ticagrelor require coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) due to perioperative bleeding.¹ The current North American guidelines (Including ACC/AHA) advocate a waiting period of at least 5 days after ticagrelor cessation prior to non-urgent CABG, and the 2017 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines also recommend a waiting period of at least 3 days after ticagrelor cessation for non-urgent CABG. However, from the real-life clinical point of view, it is hypothesized that early surgery is noninferior to delayed surgery for severe or massive perioperative bleeding. Therefore, the RAPID CABG trial, a physician initiated multi-centre randomized study, was conducted to evaluate the safety of early CABG surgery after a shorter ticagrelor cessation of 2 to 3 days as compared to 5 to 7 days prior CABG, among 143 patients presenting with ACS who require non emergent CABG.¹ Primary endpoint was severe/ massive bleeding by the Universal Definition of Perioperative Bleeding (UDPB): Class 3 or 4.

The results from a 6-month follow-up of RAPID CABG trial indicated patients could discontinue ticagrelor 2 to 3 days prior to CABG without increasing the risk of early post-surgical bleeding and could also reduce the average length of hospital stay.

Chest pain is one of the most common reasons for patients to present to the emergency department, and the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) needs to be distinguished from a variety of other cardiac and non-cardiac diseases that may cause chest pain.¹ Which is the dominant and most frequent symptom for both men and women ultimately diagnosed with ACS. Women may be more likely to present with accompanying symptoms such as nausea and shortness of breath. The first-ever clinical guideline from the American College of Cardiology (ACC) and American Heart Association (AHA) for the evaluation and diagnosis of patients with chest pain who are sent to the emergency department, provides recommendations and algorithms to conduct initial assessment of chest pain for triaging patients effectively on the basis of the likelihood that the symptoms may be attributable to myocardial infarction (MI).¹

Approximately 80% of people with acute stroke have upper limb motor impairment and 50-60% of these survivors still have persistent impaired upper limb function 6 months later.^1,2 As persistent arm impairment is linked with poorer quality-of-life and reduced wellbeing, the identification of new treat

The recent 2019 European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidemias have set a target low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-C goal of <55mg/dL for very high-risk patients requiring secondary prevention.¹