As certain gene mutations such as RUNX1 and ASXL1 are associated with poor prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) that have incorporated both genetic and clinical risk factors can be used as an important prognostic tool

According to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), approximately half of adults diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are not treated with intensive chemotherapy due to comorbidities and chemotherapy-related toxicities.¹